Help:Displaying a formula

This screenshot shows the formula E = mc² being edited using VisualEditor. The visual editor shows a button that allows to choose one of three offered modes to display a formula.

There are three methods for displaying formulas in Wikipedia: raw HTML, HTML with math templates (abbreviated here as {{math}}), and a subset of LaTeX implemented with the HTML markup <math></math> (referred to as LaTeX in this article). Each method has some advantages and some disadvantages, which have evolved over the time with improvements of MediaWiki. The manual of style for math has not always evolved accordingly. So the how-to recommendations that appear below may differ from those of the manual of style.

For example, the famous Einstein formula can be entered in raw HTML as {{nowrap|''E'' {{=}} ''mc''<sup>2</sup>}}, which is rendered as E = mc² (the template {{nowrap}} is here only for avoiding a line break inside the formula). With {{math}}, it can be entered as {{math|''E'' {{=}} ''mc''{{sup|2}}}}, which is rendered as E = mc². With LaTeX, it is entered as <math>E=mc^2</math>, and rendered as Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle E=mc^2} .

Use of raw HTML

Variable names and many symbols look very different with raw HTML and the other display methods. This may be confusing in the common case where several methods are used in the same article. Moreover, mathematicians who are used to reading and writing texts written with LaTeX often find the raw HTML rendering awful.

So, raw HTML should normally not be used for new content. However, raw HTML is still present in many mathematical articles. It is generally a good practice to convert it to {{math}} format, but coherency must be respected; that is, such a conversion must be done in a whole article, or at least in a whole section. Moreover, such a conversion must be identified as such in the edit summary, and it should be avoided making other changes in the same edit. This is for helping other users to identify changes that are possibly controversial (the "diff" of a conversion may be very large, and may hide other changes).

Converting raw HTML to {{math}} is rather simple: when the formula is enclosed with {{nowrap}}, it suffices to change "nowrap" into "math". However, if the formula contains an equal sign, one has to add 1= just before the formula for avoiding confusion with the template syntax; for example, {{math|1=''E'' = ''mc''{{sup|2}}}}. Also, vertical bars, if any, must either be replaced with {{!}} or avoided by using {{abs}}.

LaTeX vs. {{math}}

These two ways of writing mathematical formulas each have their advantages and disadvantages. They are both accepted by the manual of style. The rendering of variable names is very similar. So having a variable name displayed in the same paragraph with {{math}} and <math> is generally not a problem.

The disadvantages of LaTeX are the following: On some browser configurations, LaTeX inline formulas appear with a slight vertical misalignment, or with a font size that is slightly different from that of the surrounding text. This is not a problem with a block displayed formula. This is generally also not a real problem with inline formulas that exceed the normal line height (for example formulas with subscripts and superscripts). Also, the use of LaTeX in a piped link or in a section heading should appear in blue in the linked text or the table of content, but they do not. Moreover, links to section headings containing LaTeX formulas do not work always as expected. Finally, too many LaTeX formulas may significantly increase the processing time of a page. LaTeX formulas should be avoided in image captions, because when the image is clicked for a larger display, LaTeX in the caption will not render.

The disadvantages of {{math}} are the following: not all formulas can be displayed. While it is possible to render a complicated formula with {{math}}, it is often poorly rendered. Except for the most common ones, the rendering of non-alphanumeric Unicode symbols is often very poor and may depend on the browser configuration (misalignment, wrong size, ...). The spaces inside formulas are not managed automatically, and thus need some expertise for being rendered correctly. Except for short formulas, many more characters have to be typed for entering a formula, and the source is more difficult to read.

Therefore, the common practice of most members of WikiProject mathematics is the following:

• Use of {{mvar}} and {{math}} for isolated variables and very simple inline formulas
• Use of {{mvar}} and {{math}} for formulas in image captions, even if the rendering is mediocre
• Use of LaTeX for displayed formulas and more complicated inline formulas
• Use of LaTeX for formulas involving symbols that are not regularly rendered in Unicode (see wikipedia:MOS:BBB)
• Avoid formulas in section headings, and when this is a problem, use raw HTML (see Finite field for an example)

The choice between {{math}} and LaTeX depends on the editor. So converting from a format to another one must be done with stronger reasons than editor preference.

Display format of LaTeX

See also: mw:Extension:Math

By default SVG images with non-visible MathML are generated. The text-only form of the LaTeX can be set via user preferences at My Preferences – Appearance – Math.

The hidden MathML can be used by screen readers and other assistive technology. To display the MathML in Firefox:

• Install the Native MathML extension
• Or copy its CSS rules to your Wikipedia user stylesheet.

In either case, you must have fonts that support MathML (see developer.mozilla.org) installed on your system. For copy-paste support in Firefox, you can also install MathML Copy.

Use of HTML templates

See also: Wikipedia:Rendering math

TeX markup is not the only way to render mathematical formulas. For simple inline formulas, the template {{math}} and its associated templates are often preferred. The following comparison table shows that similar results can be achieved with the two methods. See also Help:Special characters.

TeX syntax	TeX rendering		HTML syntax	HTML rendering
<math>\alpha</math>	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \alpha}		{{math|''&alpha;''}}   or   {{mvar|&alpha;}}	α   or   α
<math>f(x) = x^2</math>	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle f(x) = x^2}		{{math|''f''(''x'') {{=}} ''x''<sup>2</sup>}}	f(x) = x2
<math>\{1,e,\pi\}</math>	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \{1,e,\pi\}}		{{math|{{mset|1, ''e'', ''&pi;''}}}}	{1, e, π}
<math>|z + 1| \leq 2</math>	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle |z + 1| \leq 2}		{{math|{{abs|''z'' + 1}} &le; 2}}	z + 1| ≤ 2

HTML entities

Though Unicode characters are generally preferred, sometimes HTML entities are needed to avoid problems with wiki syntax or confusion with other characters:

<	>	−	•	′	″	⋅	·	–	—
&lt;	&gt;	&minus;	&bull;	&prime;	&Prime;	&sdot;	&middot;	&ndash;	&mdash;

In the table below, the codes on the left produce the symbols on the right, but these symbols can also be entered directly in the wikitext either by typing them if they are available on the keyboard, by copy-pasting them, or by using menus below the edit windows. (When editing any Wikipedia page in a desktop web browser, use the "Insert" pulldown menu immediately below the article text, or the "Special characters" menu immediately above the article text.) Normally, lowercase Greek letters should be entered in italics, that is, enclosed between two single quotes ('').

HTML syntax	Rendering
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς τ υ φ χ ψ ω	α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π Σ Φ Ψ Ω	Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π Σ Φ Ψ Ω
∫ ∑ ∏ − ± ∞ ≈ ∝ = ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ × · ⋅ ÷ ∂ ′ ″ ∇ ‰ ° ∴ ∅	∫ ∑ ∏ − ± ∞ ≈ ∝ = ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ × · ⋅ ÷ ∂ ′ ″ ∇ ‰ ° ∴ ∅
∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇ ¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ → ↔ ↑ ↓ ℵ - – —	∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇ ¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ → ↔ ↑ ↓ ℵ - – —

Superscripts and subscripts

x2	x3	x2 1
x<sup>2</sup>	x<sub>3</sub>	x{{su|p=2|b=1}}

Spacing

To avoid line-wrapping in the middle of a formula, use {{math}}. If necessary, a non-breaking space ( ) can be inserted with " ".

Typically whitespace should be a regular space ( ) or none at all. In rare circumstances, such as where one character overlaps another due to one being in italics, a thin space can be added with {{thin space}}.

Fractions

Fractions sometimes occur in regular text, and need proper presentation. Only a limited number are covered in the UTF-8 repertoire: they are ¼ ½ ¾ ⅓ ⅔ ⅕ ⅖ ⅗ ⅘ ⅙ ⅚ ⅛ ⅜ ⅝ ⅞

A number of these fractions have been added to the characters bar at the bottom of the edit page. The remainder have been left off since they do not render in the font used for Wikisource. They will appear here if your computer has Lucida Sans Unicode. They are overlarge compared with the regular font size.

Other fractions can be done with keyboard figures (like 11/16, 27/32, et cetera), but they are intrusive, being overlarge. More elegant fractions can be made by HTML coding, such as using the superscript/subscript markup.

Thus, 11/16 will be displayed by <span style="vertical-align:super;font-size:x-small">11</span>/<span style="vertical-align:sub;font-size:x-small">16</span>

Template:frac will produce ¹¹⁄₁₆;

{{fs70|{{frac|11|16}}}} fits inline: ¹¹⁄₁₆

Template:sfrac will produce vertical fractions fitting in with the Mediawiki typeface. Ex. 4 3/4, 67/83726;

{{fs70|{{sfrac|4|3}}}} fits inline: 4/3

Fractions can also be made with the TeX, but they do not match the Mediawiki typeface.

Functions

Functions are rendered in EMEA Support Wiki's by TeX using Mathoid. The text here is from the following sources:

• Help:Displaying a formula (Meta-Wiki)
• Help:Fractions_and_functions (Wiki-Source)
• Help:Displaying_a_formula (Wikipedia)
• TeX Cookbook, Local Copy

General

Spaces and newlines are mostly ignored. Apart from function and operator names, as is customary in mathematics for variables, letters are in italics; digits are not. For other text, (like variable labels) to avoid being rendered in italics like variables, use \mbox or \mathrm: <math>\mbox{abc}</math> gives Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox{abc}}

Line breaks help keep the wikitext clear, for instance, a line break after each term or matrix row.

Size

There are some possibilities, to change the size of the formulas. For example, fractions can be made smaller using \tfrac instead of \frac.

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{10}{100}} becomes Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \tfrac{10}{100}} .

In general, formulas can be made even smaller if \scriptstyle is employed:

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \sqrt{1-\frac{v^{2}}{c^{2}}}} becomes Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \scriptstyle \sqrt{1-\frac{v^{2}}{c^{2}}}} .

Special characters

Markup

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \text {abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzàáâãäåæçčďèéěêëìíîïňñòóôõöřšť÷øùúůûüýÿž}} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \text {abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzàáâãäåæçčèéêëìíîïñòóôõö÷øùúûüýÿ}\,}

Renders as

<math>\text {abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzàáâãäåæçčďèéěêëìíîïňñòóôõöřšť÷øùúůûüýÿž}</math> <math>\text {abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzàáâãäåæçčèéêëìíîïñòóôõö÷øùúûüýÿ}\,</math>

Or, using \mbox instead of \text, pretty much the same:

Markup

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox {abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzàáâãäåæçčďèéěêëìíîïňñòóôõöřšť÷øùúůûüýÿž}} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox {abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzàáâãäåæçčèéêëìíîïñòóôõö÷øùúûüýÿ}\,}

Renders as

<math>\mbox {abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzàáâãäåæçčďèéěêëìíîïňñòóôõöřšť÷øùúůûüýÿž}</math> <math>\mbox {abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzàáâãäåæçčèéêëìíîïñòóôõö÷øùúûüýÿ}\,</math>

But \mbox{ð} and \mbox{þ}: Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox {ð}} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox {þ}} Using \text{} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \text {ð}} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \text {þ}}

For producing special characters without math tags, see Special characters.

Comparison: &alpha; gives "α" <math>\alpha</math> gives Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \alpha} , ("&" and ";" vs. "\", in this case the same code word "alpha"); &radic;2 gives "√2" <math>\sqrt{2}</math> gives Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \sqrt{2}} (the same difference as above, but also another code word, "radic" vs. "sqrt"; in TeX braces); &radic;(1-''e''&sup2;) gives √(1-e²), <math>\sqrt{1-e^2}</math> gives Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \sqrt{1-e^2}} , (parentheses vs. braces, "''e''" vs. "e", "&sup2;" vs. "^2").

The following symbols are reserved characters that either have a special meaning under LaTeX or are unavailable in all the fonts.

# $ % ^ & _ { } ~ \

Some of these can be entered with a backslash in front:

<math>\# \$ \% \& \_ \{ \} </math> gives Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \# \$ \% \& \_ \{ \} }

Others have special names:

<math> \hat{} \quad \tilde{} \quad \backslash </math> gives Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \hat{} \quad \tilde{} \quad \backslash }

Functions, symbols, special characters

Accents & diacritics
\dot{a}, \ddot{a}, \acute{a}, \grave{a}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \dot{a}, \ddot{a}, \acute{a}, \grave{a} \!}
\check{a}, \breve{a}, \tilde{a}, \bar{a}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \check{a}, \breve{a}, \tilde{a}, \bar{a} \!}
\hat{a}, \widehat{a}, \vec{a}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \hat{a}, \widehat{a}, \vec{a} \!}
Standard numerical functions
\exp_a b = a^b, \exp b = e^b, 10^m	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \exp_a b = a^b, \exp b = e^b, 10^m \!}
\ln c, \lg d = \log e, \log_{10} f	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \ln c, \lg d = \log e, \log_{10} f \!}
\sin a, \cos b, \tan c, \cot d, \sec e, \csc f	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \sin a, \cos b, \tan c, \cot d, \sec e, \csc f\!}
\arcsin h, \arccos i, \arctan j	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \arcsin h, \arccos i, \arctan j \!}
\sinh k, \cosh l, \tanh m, \coth n	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \sinh k, \cosh l, \tanh m, \coth n \!}
\operatorname{sh}\,k, \operatorname{ch}\,l, \operatorname{th}\,m, \operatorname{coth}\,n	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \operatorname{sh}\,k, \operatorname{ch}\,l, \operatorname{th}\,m, \operatorname{coth}\,n \!}
\operatorname{argsh}\,o, \operatorname{argch}\,p, \operatorname{argth}\,q	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \operatorname{argsh}\,o, \operatorname{argch}\,p, \operatorname{argth}\,q \!}
\sgn r, \left\vert s \right\vert	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \sgn r, \left\vert s \right\vert \!}
\min(x,y), \max(x,y)	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \min(x,y), \max(x,y) \!}
Bounds
\min x, \max y, \inf s, \sup t	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \min x, \max y, \inf s, \sup t \!}
\lim u, \liminf v, \limsup w	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \lim u, \liminf v, \limsup w \!}
\dim p, \deg q, \det m, \ker\phi	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \dim p, \deg q, \det m, \ker\phi \!}
Projections
\Pr j, \hom l, \lVert z \rVert, \arg z	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \Pr j, \hom l, \lVert z \rVert, \arg z \!}
Differentials and derivatives
dt, \operatorname{d}\!t, \partial t, \nabla\psi	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle dt, \operatorname{d}\!t, \partial t, \nabla\psi\!}
dy/dx, \operatorname{d}\!y/\operatorname{d}\!x, {dy \over dx}, {\operatorname{d}\!y\over\operatorname{d}\!x}, {\partial^2\over\partial x_1\partial x_2}y	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle dy/dx, \operatorname{d}\!y/\operatorname{d}\!x, {dy \over dx}, {\operatorname{d}\!y\over\operatorname{d}\!x}, {\partial^2\over\partial x_1\partial x_2}y \!}
\prime, \backprime, f^\prime, f', f'', f^{(3)}, \dot y, \ddot y	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \prime, \backprime, f^\prime, f', f'', f^{(3)} \!, \dot y, \ddot y}
Letter-like symbols or constants
\infty, \aleph, \complement, \backepsilon, \eth, \Finv, \hbar	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \infty, \aleph, \complement, \backepsilon, \eth, \Finv, \hbar \!}
\Im, \imath, \jmath, \Bbbk, \ell, \mho, \wp, \Re, \circledS	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \Im, \imath, \jmath, \Bbbk, \ell, \mho, \wp, \Re, \circledS \!}
Modular arithmetic
s_k \equiv 0 \pmod{m}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle s_k \equiv 0 \pmod{m} \!}
a\,\bmod\,b	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle a\,\bmod\,b \!}
\gcd(m, n), \operatorname{lcm}(m, n)	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \gcd(m, n), \operatorname{lcm}(m, n)}
\mid, \nmid, \shortmid, \nshortmid	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mid, \nmid, \shortmid, \nshortmid \!}
Radicals
\surd, \sqrt{2}, \sqrt[n]{}, \sqrt[3]{x^3+y^3 \over 2}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \surd, \sqrt{2}, \sqrt[n]{}, \sqrt[3]{x^3+y^3 \over 2} \!}
Operators
+, -, \pm, \mp, \dotplus	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle +, -, \pm, \mp, \dotplus \!}
\times, \div, \divideontimes, /, \backslash	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \times, \div, \divideontimes, /, \backslash \!}
\cdot, * \ast, \star, \circ, \bullet	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \cdot, * \ast, \star, \circ, \bullet \!}
\boxplus, \boxminus, \boxtimes, \boxdot	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \boxplus, \boxminus, \boxtimes, \boxdot \!}
\oplus, \ominus, \otimes, \oslash, \odot	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \oplus, \ominus, \otimes, \oslash, \odot\!}
\circleddash, \circledcirc, \circledast	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \circleddash, \circledcirc, \circledast \!}
\bigoplus, \bigotimes, \bigodot	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \bigoplus, \bigotimes, \bigodot \!}
Sets
\{ \}, \O \empty \emptyset, \varnothing	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \{ \}, \O \empty \emptyset, \varnothing \!}
\in, \notin \not\in, \ni, \not\ni	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \in, \notin \not\in, \ni, \not\ni \!}
\cap, \Cap, \sqcap, \bigcap	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \cap, \Cap, \sqcap, \bigcap \!}
\cup, \Cup, \sqcup, \bigcup, \bigsqcup, \uplus, \biguplus	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \cup, \Cup, \sqcup, \bigcup, \bigsqcup, \uplus, \biguplus \!}
\setminus, \smallsetminus, \times	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \setminus, \smallsetminus, \times \!}
\subset, \Subset, \sqsubset	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \subset, \Subset, \sqsubset \!}
\supset, \Supset, \sqsupset	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \supset, \Supset, \sqsupset \!}
\subseteq, \nsubseteq, \subsetneq, \varsubsetneq, \sqsubseteq	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \subseteq, \nsubseteq, \subsetneq, \varsubsetneq, \sqsubseteq \!}
\supseteq, \nsupseteq, \supsetneq, \varsupsetneq, \sqsupseteq	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \supseteq, \nsupseteq, \supsetneq, \varsupsetneq, \sqsupseteq \!}
\subseteqq, \nsubseteqq, \subsetneqq, \varsubsetneqq	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \subseteqq, \nsubseteqq, \subsetneqq, \varsubsetneqq \!}
\supseteqq, \nsupseteqq, \supsetneqq, \varsupsetneqq	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \supseteqq, \nsupseteqq, \supsetneqq, \varsupsetneqq \!}
Relations
=, \ne, \neq, \equiv, \not\equiv	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle =, \ne, \neq, \equiv, \not\equiv \!}
\doteq, \doteqdot, \overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=}, :=	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \doteq, \doteqdot, \overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=}, := \!}
\sim, \nsim, \backsim, \thicksim, \simeq, \backsimeq, \eqsim, \cong, \ncong	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \sim, \nsim, \backsim, \thicksim, \simeq, \backsimeq, \eqsim, \cong, \ncong \!}
\approx, \thickapprox, \approxeq, \asymp, \propto, \varpropto	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \approx, \thickapprox, \approxeq, \asymp, \propto, \varpropto \!}
<, \nless, \ll, \not\ll, \lll, \not\lll, \lessdot	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle <, \nless, \ll, \not\ll, \lll, \not\lll, \lessdot \!}
>, \ngtr, \gg, \not\gg, \ggg, \not\ggg, \gtrdot	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle >, \ngtr, \gg, \not\gg, \ggg, \not\ggg, \gtrdot \!}
\le, \leq, \lneq, \leqq, \nleq, \nleqq, \lneqq, \lvertneqq	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \le, \leq, \lneq, \leqq, \nleq, \nleqq, \lneqq, \lvertneqq \!}
\ge, \geq, \gneq, \geqq, \ngeq, \ngeqq, \gneqq, \gvertneqq	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \ge, \geq, \gneq, \geqq, \ngeq, \ngeqq, \gneqq, \gvertneqq \!}
\lessgtr, \lesseqgtr, \lesseqqgtr, \gtrless, \gtreqless, \gtreqqless	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \lessgtr, \lesseqgtr, \lesseqqgtr, \gtrless, \gtreqless, \gtreqqless \!}
\leqslant, \nleqslant, \eqslantless	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \leqslant, \nleqslant, \eqslantless \!}
\geqslant, \ngeqslant, \eqslantgtr	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \geqslant, \ngeqslant, \eqslantgtr \!}
\lesssim, \lnsim, \lessapprox, \lnapprox	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \lesssim, \lnsim, \lessapprox, \lnapprox \!}
\gtrsim, \gnsim, \gtrapprox, \gnapprox	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \gtrsim, \gnsim, \gtrapprox, \gnapprox \,}
\prec, \nprec, \preceq, \npreceq, \precneqq	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \prec, \nprec, \preceq, \npreceq, \precneqq \!}
\succ, \nsucc, \succeq, \nsucceq, \succneqq	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \succ, \nsucc, \succeq, \nsucceq, \succneqq \!}
\preccurlyeq, \curlyeqprec	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \preccurlyeq, \curlyeqprec \,}
\succcurlyeq, \curlyeqsucc	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \succcurlyeq, \curlyeqsucc \,}
\precsim, \precnsim, \precapprox, \precnapprox	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \precsim, \precnsim, \precapprox, \precnapprox \,}
\succsim, \succnsim, \succapprox, \succnapprox	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \succsim, \succnsim, \succapprox, \succnapprox \,}
Geometric
\parallel, \nparallel, \shortparallel, \nshortparallel	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \parallel, \nparallel, \shortparallel, \nshortparallel \!}
\perp, \angle, \sphericalangle, \measuredangle, 45^\circ	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \perp, \angle, \sphericalangle, \measuredangle, 45^\circ \!}
\Box, \blacksquare, \diamond, \Diamond \lozenge, \blacklozenge, \bigstar	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \Box, \blacksquare, \diamond, \Diamond \lozenge, \blacklozenge, \bigstar \!}
\bigcirc, \triangle, \bigtriangleup, \bigtriangledown	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \bigcirc, \triangle, \bigtriangleup, \bigtriangledown \!}
\vartriangle, \triangledown	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \vartriangle, \triangledown\!}
\blacktriangle, \blacktriangledown, \blacktriangleleft, \blacktriangleright	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \blacktriangle, \blacktriangledown, \blacktriangleleft, \blacktriangleright \!}
Logic
\forall, \exists, \nexists	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \forall, \exists, \nexists \!}
\therefore, \because, \And	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \therefore, \because, \And \!}
\or \lor \vee, \curlyvee, \bigvee	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \or \lor \vee, \curlyvee, \bigvee \!}
\and \land \wedge, \curlywedge, \bigwedge	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \and \land \wedge, \curlywedge, \bigwedge \!}
\bar{q}, \bar{abc}, \overline{q}, \overline{abc}, \lnot \neg, \not\operatorname{R}, \bot, \top	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \bar{q}, \bar{abc}, \overline{q}, \overline{abc}, \!} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \lnot \neg, \not\operatorname{R}, \bot, \top \!}
\vdash \dashv, \vDash, \Vdash, \models	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \vdash \dashv, \vDash, \Vdash, \models \!}
\Vvdash \nvdash \nVdash \nvDash \nVDash	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \Vvdash \nvdash \nVdash \nvDash \nVDash \!}
\ulcorner \urcorner \llcorner \lrcorner	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \ulcorner \urcorner \llcorner \lrcorner \,}
Arrows
\Rrightarrow, \Lleftarrow	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \Rrightarrow, \Lleftarrow \!}
\Rightarrow, \nRightarrow, \Longrightarrow \implies	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \Rightarrow, \nRightarrow, \Longrightarrow \implies\!}
\Leftarrow, \nLeftarrow, \Longleftarrow	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \Leftarrow, \nLeftarrow, \Longleftarrow \!}
\Leftrightarrow, \nLeftrightarrow, \Longleftrightarrow \iff	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \Leftrightarrow, \nLeftrightarrow, \Longleftrightarrow \iff \!}
\Uparrow, \Downarrow, \Updownarrow	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \Uparrow, \Downarrow, \Updownarrow \!}
\rightarrow \to, \nrightarrow, \longrightarrow	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \rightarrow \to, \nrightarrow, \longrightarrow\!}
\leftarrow \gets, \nleftarrow, \longleftarrow	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \leftarrow \gets, \nleftarrow, \longleftarrow\!}
\leftrightarrow, \nleftrightarrow, \longleftrightarrow	$\leftrightarrow ,\nleftrightarrow ,\longleftrightarrow \!$
\uparrow, \downarrow, \updownarrow	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \uparrow, \downarrow, \updownarrow \!}
\nearrow, \swarrow, \nwarrow, \searrow	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \nearrow, \swarrow, \nwarrow, \searrow \!}
\mapsto, \longmapsto	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mapsto, \longmapsto \!}
\rightharpoonup \rightharpoondown \leftharpoonup \leftharpoondown \upharpoonleft \upharpoonright \downharpoonleft \downharpoonright \rightleftharpoons \leftrightharpoons	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \rightharpoonup \rightharpoondown \leftharpoonup \leftharpoondown \upharpoonleft \upharpoonright \downharpoonleft \downharpoonright \rightleftharpoons \leftrightharpoons \,\!}
\curvearrowleft \circlearrowleft \Lsh \upuparrows \rightrightarrows \rightleftarrows \rightarrowtail \looparrowright	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \curvearrowleft \circlearrowleft \Lsh \upuparrows \rightrightarrows \rightleftarrows \rightarrowtail \looparrowright \,\!}
\curvearrowright \circlearrowright \Rsh \downdownarrows \leftleftarrows \leftrightarrows \leftarrowtail \looparrowleft	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \curvearrowright \circlearrowright \Rsh \downdownarrows \leftleftarrows \leftrightarrows \leftarrowtail \looparrowleft \,\!}
\hookrightarrow \hookleftarrow \multimap \leftrightsquigarrow \rightsquigarrow \twoheadrightarrow \twoheadleftarrow	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \hookrightarrow \hookleftarrow \multimap \leftrightsquigarrow \rightsquigarrow \twoheadrightarrow \twoheadleftarrow \!}
Special
\amalg \P \S \% \dagger \ddagger \ldots \cdots	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \amalg \P \S \% \dagger \ddagger \ldots \cdots \!}
\smile \frown \wr \triangleleft \triangleright	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \smile \frown \wr \triangleleft \triangleright\!}
\diamondsuit, \heartsuit, \clubsuit, \spadesuit, \Game, \flat, \natural, \sharp	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \diamondsuit, \heartsuit, \clubsuit, \spadesuit, \Game, \flat, \natural, \sharp \!}
Unsorted (new stuff)
\diagup \diagdown \centerdot \ltimes \rtimes \leftthreetimes \rightthreetimes	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \diagup \diagdown \centerdot \ltimes \rtimes \leftthreetimes \rightthreetimes \!}
\eqcirc \circeq \triangleq \bumpeq \Bumpeq \doteqdot \risingdotseq \fallingdotseq	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \eqcirc \circeq \triangleq \bumpeq \Bumpeq \doteqdot \risingdotseq \fallingdotseq \!}
\intercal \barwedge \veebar \doublebarwedge \between \pitchfork	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \intercal \barwedge \veebar \doublebarwedge \between \pitchfork \!}
\vartriangleleft \ntriangleleft \vartriangleright \ntriangleright	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \vartriangleleft \ntriangleleft \vartriangleright \ntriangleright \!}
\trianglelefteq \ntrianglelefteq \trianglerighteq \ntrianglerighteq	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \trianglelefteq \ntrianglelefteq \trianglerighteq \ntrianglerighteq \!}

For a little more semantics on these symbols, see the brief TeX Cookbook.

Larger expressions

Subscripts, superscripts, integrals

Feature	Syntax	How it looks rendered
Superscript	a^2	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle a^2}
Subscript	a_2	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle a_2}
Grouping	10^{30} a^{2+2}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle 10^{30} a^{2+2}}
	a_{i,j} b_{f'}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle a_{i,j} b_{f'}}
Combining sub & super without and with horizontal separation	x_2^3	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle x_2^3}
	{x_2}^3	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle {x_2}^3 \,\!}
Super super	10^{10^{8}}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle 10^{10^{8}}}
Preceding and/or additional sub & super	\sideset{_1^2}{_3^4}\prod_a^b	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \sideset{_1^2}{_3^4}\prod_a^b}
	{}_1^2\!\Omega_3^4	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle {}_1^2\!\Omega_3^4}
Stacking	\overset{\alpha}{\omega}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \overset{\alpha}{\omega}}
	\underset{\alpha}{\omega}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \underset{\alpha}{\omega}}
	\overset{\alpha}{\underset{\gamma}{\omega}}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \overset{\alpha}{\underset{\gamma}{\omega}}}
	\stackrel{\alpha}{\omega}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \stackrel{\alpha}{\omega}}
Derivatives	x', y'', f', f''	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle x', y'', f', f''}
	x^\prime, y^{\prime\prime}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle x^\prime, y^{\prime\prime}}
Derivative dots	\dot{x}, \ddot{x}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \dot{x}, \ddot{x}}
Underlines, overlines, vectors	\hat a \ \bar b \ \vec c	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \hat a \ \bar b \ \vec c}
	\overrightarrow{a b} \ \overleftarrow{c d} \ \widehat{d e f}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \overrightarrow{a b} \ \overleftarrow{c d} \ \widehat{d e f}}
	\overline{g h i} \ \underline{j k l}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \overline{g h i} \ \underline{j k l}}
Arc (workaround)	\overset{\frown} {AB}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \overset{\frown} {AB}}
Arrows	A \xleftarrow{n+\mu-1} B \xrightarrow[T]{n\pm i-1} C	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle A \xleftarrow{n+\mu-1} B \xrightarrow[T]{n\pm i-1} C}
Overbraces	\overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 }^{5050}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 }^{5050}}
Underbraces	\underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z }_{26}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z }_{26}}
Sum	\sum_{k=1}^N k^2	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^N k^2}
Sum (force \textstyle)	\textstyle \sum_{k=1}^N k^2	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \textstyle \sum_{k=1}^N k^2}
Sum in a fraction (default \textstyle)	\frac{\sum_{k=1}^N k^2}{a}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{\sum_{k=1}^N k^2}{a}}
Sum in a fraction (force \displaystyle)	\frac{\displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^N k^2}{a}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{\displaystyle \sum_{k=1}^N k^2}{a}}
Sum in a fraction (alternative limits style)	\frac{\sum\limits^{^N}_{k=1} k^2}{a}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{\sum\limits^{^N}_{k=1} k^2}{a}}
Product	\prod_{i=1}^N x_i	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \prod_{i=1}^N x_i}
Product (force \textstyle)	\textstyle \prod_{i=1}^N x_i	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \textstyle \prod_{i=1}^N x_i}
Coproduct	\coprod_{i=1}^N x_i	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \coprod_{i=1}^N x_i}
Coproduct (force \textstyle)	\textstyle \coprod_{i=1}^N x_i	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \textstyle \coprod_{i=1}^N x_i}
Limit	\lim_{n \to \infty}x_n	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \lim_{n \to \infty}x_n}
Limit (force \textstyle)	\textstyle \lim_{n \to \infty}x_n	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \textstyle \lim_{n \to \infty}x_n}
Integral	\int\limits_{1}^{3}\frac{e^3/x}{x^2}\, dx	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \int\limits_{1}^{3}\frac{e^3/x}{x^2}\, dx}
Integral (alternative limits style)	\int_{1}^{3}\frac{e^3/x}{x^2}\, dx	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \int_{1}^{3}\frac{e^3/x}{x^2}\, dx}
Integral (force \textstyle)	\textstyle \int\limits_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \textstyle \int\limits_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx}
Integral (force \textstyle, alternative limits style)	\textstyle \int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \textstyle \int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx}
Double integral	\iint\limits_D \, dx\,dy	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \iint\limits_D \, dx\,dy}
Triple integral	\iiint\limits_E \, dx\,dy\,dz	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \iiint\limits_E \, dx\,dy\,dz}
Quadruple integral	\iiiint\limits_F \, dx\,dy\,dz\,dt	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \iiiint\limits_F \, dx\,dy\,dz\,dt}
Line or path integral	\int_{(x,y)\in C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \int_{(x,y)\in C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy}
Closed line or path integral	\oint_{(x,y)\in C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \oint_{(x,y)\in C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy}
Intersections	\bigcap_{i=_1}^n E_i	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \bigcap_{i=_1}^n E_i}
Unions	\bigcup_{i=_1}^n E_i	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \bigcup_{i=_1}^n E_i}

Fractions, matrices, multilines

Feature	Syntax	How it looks rendered
Fractions	\frac{1}{2}=0.5	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}=0.5}
Small ("text style") fractions	\tfrac{1}{2} = 0.5	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \tfrac{1}{2} = 0.5}
Large ("display style") fractions	\dfrac{k}{k-1} = 0.5	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \dfrac{k}{k-1} = 0.5}
Mixture of large and small fractions	\dfrac{ \tfrac{1}{2}[1-(\tfrac{1}{2})^n] }{ 1-\tfrac{1}{2} } = s_n	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \dfrac{ \tfrac{1}{2}[1-(\tfrac{1}{2})^n] }{ 1-\tfrac{1}{2} } = s_n}
Continued fractions (note the difference in formatting)	\cfrac{2}{ c + \cfrac{2}{ d + \cfrac{1}{2} } } = a \qquad \dfrac{2}{ c + \dfrac{2}{ d + \dfrac{1}{2} } } = a	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \cfrac{2}{ c + \cfrac{2}{ d + \cfrac{1}{2} } } = a \qquad \dfrac{2}{ c + \dfrac{2}{ d + \dfrac{1}{2} } } = a}
Binomial coefficients	\binom{n}{k}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \binom{n}{k}}
Small ("text style") binomial coefficients	\tbinom{n}{k}	${\tbinom {n}{k}}$
Large ("display style") binomial coefficients	\dbinom{n}{k}	${\dbinom {n}{k}}$
Matrices	\begin{matrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{matrix}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{matrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{matrix}}
	\begin{vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{vmatrix}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{vmatrix}}
	\begin{Vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Vmatrix}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{Vmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Vmatrix}}
	\begin{bmatrix} 0 & \cdots & 0 \\ \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 0 & \cdots & 0 \end{bmatrix}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{bmatrix} 0 & \cdots & 0 \\ \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 0 & \cdots & 0\end{bmatrix} }
	\begin{Bmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Bmatrix}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{Bmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{Bmatrix}}
	\begin{pmatrix} x & y \\ z & v \end{pmatrix}	${\begin{pmatrix}x&y\\z&v\end{pmatrix}}$
	\bigl( \begin{smallmatrix} a&b\\ c&d \end{smallmatrix} \bigr)	${\bigl (}{\begin{smallmatrix}a&b\\c&d\end{smallmatrix}}{\bigr )}$
Arrays	\begin{array}{|c|c||c|} a & b & S \\ \hline 0&0&1\\ 0&1&1\\ 1&0&1\\ 1&1&0 \end{array}	${\begin{array}{|c|c||c|}a&b&S\\\hline 0&0&1\\0&1&1\\1&0&1\\1&1&0\end{array}}$
Cases	f(n) = \begin{cases} n/2, & \mbox{if }n\mbox{ is even} \\ 3n+1, & \mbox{if }n\mbox{ is odd} \end{cases}	$f(n)={\begin{cases}n/2,&{\mbox{if }}n{\mbox{ is even}}\\3n+1,&{\mbox{if }}n{\mbox{ is odd}}\end{cases}}$
System of equations	\begin{cases} 3x + 5y + z &= 1 \\ 7x - 2y + 4z &= 2 \\ -6x + 3y + 2z &= 3 \end{cases}	${\begin{cases}3x+5y+z&=1\\7x-2y+4z&=2\\-6x+3y+2z&=3\end{cases}}$
Breaking up a long expression so it wraps when necessary	<math>f(x) = \sum_{n=0}^\infty a_n x^n</math> <math>= a_0 + a_1x + a_2x^2 + \cdots</math>	$f(x)=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }a_{n}x^{n}$ $=a_{0}+a_{1}x+a_{2}x^{2}+\cdots$
Multiline equations	\begin{align} f(x) & = (a+b)^2 \\ & = a^2+2ab+b^2 \end{align}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{align} f(x) & = (a+b)^2 \\ & = a^2+2ab+b^2 \end{align} }
	\begin{alignat}{2} f(x) & = (a-b)^2 \\ & = a^2-2ab+b^2 \end{alignat}	${\begin{alignedat}{2}f(x)&=(a-b)^{2}\\&=a^{2}-2ab+b^{2}\end{alignedat}}$
Multiline equations with aligment specified (left, center, right)	\begin{array}{lcl} z & = & a \\ f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z \end{array}	${\begin{array}{lcl}z&=&a\\f(x,y,z)&=&x+y+z\end{array}}$
	\begin{array}{lcr} z & = & a \\ f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z \end{array}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{array}{lcr} z & = & a \\ f(x,y,z) & = & x + y + z \end{array}}

Parenthesizing big expressions, brackets, bars

Feature !! Syntax !! How it looks rendered
Bad	( \frac{1}{2} )	$({\frac {1}{2}})$
Good	\left ( \frac{1}{2} \right )	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \left ( \frac{1}{2} \right )}

You can use various delimiters with \left and \right:

Feature	Syntax	How it looks rendered
Parentheses	\left ( \frac{a}{b} \right )	$\left({\frac {a}{b}}\right)$
Brackets	\left [ \frac{a}{b} \right ] \quad \left \lbrack \frac{a}{b} \right \rbrack	$\left[{\frac {a}{b}}\right]\quad \left\lbrack {\frac {a}{b}}\right\rbrack$
Braces (note the backslash before the braces in the code)	\left \{ \frac{a}{b} \right \} \quad \left \lbrace \frac{a}{b} \right \rbrace	$\left\{{\frac {a}{b}}\right\}\quad \left\lbrace {\frac {a}{b}}\right\rbrace$
Angle brackets	\left \langle \frac{a}{b} \right \rangle	$\left\langle {\frac {a}{b}}\right\rangle$
Bars and double bars (note: "bars" provide the absolute value function)	\left | \frac{a}{b} \right \vert \left \Vert \frac{c}{d} \right \|	$\left|{\frac {a}{b}}\right\vert \left\Vert {\frac {c}{d}}\right\|$
Floor and ceiling functions:	\left \lfloor \frac{a}{b} \right \rfloor \left \lceil \frac{c}{d} \right \rceil	$\left\lfloor {\frac {a}{b}}\right\rfloor \left\lceil {\frac {c}{d}}\right\rceil$
Slashes and backslashes	\left / \frac{a}{b} \right \backslash	$\left/{\frac {a}{b}}\right\backslash$
Up, down and up-down arrows	\left \uparrow \frac{a}{b} \right \downarrow \quad \left \Uparrow \frac{a}{b} \right \Downarrow \quad \left \updownarrow \frac{a}{b} \right \Updownarrow	$\left\uparrow {\frac {a}{b}}\right\downarrow \quad \left\Uparrow {\frac {a}{b}}\right\Downarrow \quad \left\updownarrow {\frac {a}{b}}\right\Updownarrow$
Delimiters can be mixed, as long as \left and \right are both used	\left [ 0,1 \right ) \left \langle \psi \right |	$\left[0,1\right)$ $\left\langle \psi \right|$
Use \left. or \right. if you don't want a delimiter to appear:	\left . \frac{A}{B} \right \} \to X	$\left.{\frac {A}{B}}\right\}\to X$
Size of the delimiters	\big( \Big( \bigg( \Bigg( \dots \Bigg] \bigg] \Big] \big]	${\big (}{\Big (}{\bigg (}{\Bigg (}\dots {\Bigg ]}{\bigg ]}{\Big ]}{\big ]}$
	\big\{ \Big\{ \bigg\{ \Bigg\{ \dots \Bigg\rangle \bigg\rangle \Big\rangle \big\rangle	${\big \{}{\Big \{}{\bigg \{}{\Bigg \{}\dots {\Bigg \rangle }{\bigg \rangle }{\Big \rangle }{\big \rangle }$
	\big| \Big| \bigg| \Bigg| \dots \Bigg\| \bigg\| \Big\| \big\|	${\big |}{\Big |}{\bigg |}{\Bigg |}\dots {\Bigg \|}{\bigg \|}{\Big \|}{\big \|}$
	\big\lfloor \Big\lfloor \bigg\lfloor \Bigg\lfloor \dots \Bigg\rceil \bigg\rceil \Big\rceil \big\rceil	${\big \lfloor }{\Big \lfloor }{\bigg \lfloor }{\Bigg \lfloor }\dots {\Bigg \rceil }{\bigg \rceil }{\Big \rceil }{\big \rceil }$
	\big\uparrow \Big\uparrow \bigg\uparrow \Bigg\uparrow \dots \Bigg\Downarrow \bigg\Downarrow \Big\Downarrow \big\Downarrow	${\big \uparrow }{\Big \uparrow }{\bigg \uparrow }{\Bigg \uparrow }\dots {\Bigg \Downarrow }{\bigg \Downarrow }{\Big \Downarrow }{\big \Downarrow }$
	\big\updownarrow \Big\updownarrow \bigg\updownarrow \Bigg\updownarrow \dots \Bigg\Updownarrow \bigg\Updownarrow \Big\Updownarrow \big\Updownarrow	${\big \updownarrow }{\Big \updownarrow }{\bigg \updownarrow }{\Bigg \updownarrow }\dots {\Bigg \Updownarrow }{\bigg \Updownarrow }{\Big \Updownarrow }{\big \Updownarrow }$
	\big / \Big / \bigg / \Bigg / \dots \Bigg\backslash \bigg\backslash \Big\backslash \big\backslash	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \big / \Big / \bigg / \Bigg / \dots \Bigg\backslash \bigg\backslash \Big\backslash \big\backslash}

Alphabets and typefaces

Texvc cannot render arbitrary Unicode characters. Those it can handle can be entered by the expressions below. For others, such as Cyrillic, they can be entered as Unicode or HTML entities in running text, but cannot be used in displayed formulas.

Greek alphabet
\Alpha \Beta \Gamma \Delta \Epsilon \Zeta	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \Alpha \Beta \Gamma \Delta \Epsilon \Zeta \,}
\Eta \Theta \Iota \Kappa \Lambda \Mu	$\mathrm {H} \Theta \mathrm {I} \mathrm {K} \Lambda \mathrm {M} \,$
\Nu \Xi \Omicron \Pi \Rho \Sigma \Tau	$\mathrm {N} \Xi O\Pi \mathrm {P} \Sigma \mathrm {T} \,$
\Upsilon \Phi \Chi \Psi \Omega	$\Upsilon \Phi \mathrm {X} \Psi \Omega \,$
\alpha \beta \gamma \delta \epsilon \zeta	$\alpha \beta \gamma \delta \epsilon \zeta \,$
\eta \theta \iota \kappa \lambda \mu	$\eta \theta \iota \kappa \lambda \mu \,$
\nu \xi \omicron \pi \rho \sigma \tau	$\nu \xi \pi o\rho \sigma \tau \,$
\upsilon \phi \chi \psi \omega	$\upsilon \phi \chi \psi \omega \,$
\varepsilon \digamma \vartheta \varkappa	$\varepsilon \digamma \vartheta \varkappa \,$
\varpi \varrho \varsigma \varphi	$\varpi \varrho \varsigma \varphi \,$
Blackboard Bold/Scripts
\mathbb{A} \mathbb{B} \mathbb{C} \mathbb{D} \mathbb{E} \mathbb{F} \mathbb{G}	$\mathbb {A} \mathbb {B} \mathbb {C} \mathbb {D} \mathbb {E} \mathbb {F} \mathbb {G} \,$
\mathbb{H} \mathbb{I} \mathbb{J} \mathbb{K} \mathbb{L} \mathbb{M}	$\mathbb {H} \mathbb {I} \mathbb {J} \mathbb {K} \mathbb {L} \mathbb {M} \,$
\mathbb{N} \mathbb{O} \mathbb{P} \mathbb{Q} \mathbb{R} \mathbb{S} \mathbb{T}	$\mathbb {N} \mathbb {O} \mathbb {P} \mathbb {Q} \mathbb {R} \mathbb {S} \mathbb {T} \,$
\mathbb{U} \mathbb{V} \mathbb{W} \mathbb{X} \mathbb{Y} \mathbb{Z}	$\mathbb {U} \mathbb {V} \mathbb {W} \mathbb {X} \mathbb {Y} \mathbb {Z} \,$
\C \N \Q \R \Z	$\mathbb {C} \mathbb {N} \mathbb {Q} \mathbb {R} \mathbb {Z}$
boldface (vectors)
\mathbf{A} \mathbf{B} \mathbf{C} \mathbf{D} \mathbf{E} \mathbf{F} \mathbf{G}	$\mathbf {A} \mathbf {B} \mathbf {C} \mathbf {D} \mathbf {E} \mathbf {F} \mathbf {G} \,$
\mathbf{H} \mathbf{I} \mathbf{J} \mathbf{K} \mathbf{L} \mathbf{M}	$\mathbf {H} \mathbf {I} \mathbf {J} \mathbf {K} \mathbf {L} \mathbf {M} \,$
\mathbf{N} \mathbf{O} \mathbf{P} \mathbf{Q} \mathbf{R} \mathbf{S} \mathbf{T}	$\mathbf {N} \mathbf {O} \mathbf {P} \mathbf {Q} \mathbf {R} \mathbf {S} \mathbf {T} \,$
\mathbf{U} \mathbf{V} \mathbf{W} \mathbf{X} \mathbf{Y} \mathbf{Z}	$\mathbf {U} \mathbf {V} \mathbf {W} \mathbf {X} \mathbf {Y} \mathbf {Z} \,$
\mathbf{a} \mathbf{b} \mathbf{c} \mathbf{d} \mathbf{e} \mathbf{f} \mathbf{g}	$\mathbf {a} \mathbf {b} \mathbf {c} \mathbf {d} \mathbf {e} \mathbf {f} \mathbf {g} \,$
\mathbf{h} \mathbf{i} \mathbf{j} \mathbf{k} \mathbf{l} \mathbf{m}	$\mathbf {h} \mathbf {i} \mathbf {j} \mathbf {k} \mathbf {l} \mathbf {m} \,$
\mathbf{n} \mathbf{o} \mathbf{p} \mathbf{q} \mathbf{r} \mathbf{s} \mathbf{t}	$\mathbf {n} \mathbf {o} \mathbf {p} \mathbf {q} \mathbf {r} \mathbf {s} \mathbf {t} \,$
\mathbf{u} \mathbf{v} \mathbf{w} \mathbf{x} \mathbf{y} \mathbf{z}	$\mathbf {u} \mathbf {v} \mathbf {w} \mathbf {x} \mathbf {y} \mathbf {z} \,$
\mathbf{0} \mathbf{1} \mathbf{2} \mathbf{3} \mathbf{4}	$\mathbf {0} \mathbf {1} \mathbf {2} \mathbf {3} \mathbf {4} \,$
\mathbf{5} \mathbf{6} \mathbf{7} \mathbf{8} \mathbf{9}	$\mathbf {5} \mathbf {6} \mathbf {7} \mathbf {8} \mathbf {9} \,$
Boldface (greek)
\boldsymbol{\Alpha} \boldsymbol{\Beta} \boldsymbol{\Gamma} \boldsymbol{\Delta} \boldsymbol{\Epsilon} \boldsymbol{\Zeta}	${\boldsymbol {\mathrm {A} }}{\boldsymbol {\mathrm {B} }}{\boldsymbol {\Gamma }}{\boldsymbol {\Delta }}{\boldsymbol {\mathrm {E} }}{\boldsymbol {\mathrm {Z} }}\,$
\boldsymbol{\Eta} \boldsymbol{\Theta} \boldsymbol{\Iota} \boldsymbol{\Kappa} \boldsymbol{\Lambda} \boldsymbol{\Mu}	${\boldsymbol {\mathrm {H} }}{\boldsymbol {\Theta }}{\boldsymbol {\mathrm {I} }}{\boldsymbol {\mathrm {K} }}{\boldsymbol {\Lambda }}{\boldsymbol {\mathrm {M} }}\,$
\boldsymbol{\Nu} \boldsymbol{\Xi} \boldsymbol{\Pi} \boldsymbol{\Rho} \boldsymbol{\Sigma} \boldsymbol{\Tau}	${\boldsymbol {\mathrm {N} }}{\boldsymbol {\Xi }}{\boldsymbol {\Pi }}{\boldsymbol {\mathrm {P} }}{\boldsymbol {\Sigma }}{\boldsymbol {\mathrm {T} }}\,$
\boldsymbol{\Upsilon} \boldsymbol{\Phi} \boldsymbol{\Chi} \boldsymbol{\Psi} \boldsymbol{\Omega}	${\boldsymbol {\Upsilon }}{\boldsymbol {\Phi }}{\boldsymbol {\mathrm {X} }}{\boldsymbol {\Psi }}{\boldsymbol {\Omega }}\,$
\boldsymbol{\alpha} \boldsymbol{\beta} \boldsymbol{\gamma} \boldsymbol{\delta} \boldsymbol{\epsilon} \boldsymbol{\zeta}	${\boldsymbol {\alpha }}{\boldsymbol {\beta }}{\boldsymbol {\gamma }}{\boldsymbol {\delta }}{\boldsymbol {\epsilon }}{\boldsymbol {\zeta }}\,$
\boldsymbol{\eta} \boldsymbol{\theta} \boldsymbol{\iota} \boldsymbol{\kappa} \boldsymbol{\lambda} \boldsymbol{\mu}	${\boldsymbol {\eta }}{\boldsymbol {\theta }}{\boldsymbol {\iota }}{\boldsymbol {\kappa }}{\boldsymbol {\lambda }}{\boldsymbol {\mu }}\,$
\boldsymbol{\nu} \boldsymbol{\xi} \boldsymbol{\pi} \boldsymbol{\rho} \boldsymbol{\sigma} \boldsymbol{\tau}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \boldsymbol{\nu} \boldsymbol{\xi} \boldsymbol{\pi} \boldsymbol{\rho} \boldsymbol{\sigma} \boldsymbol{\tau}\,}
\boldsymbol{\upsilon} \boldsymbol{\phi} \boldsymbol{\chi} \boldsymbol{\psi} \boldsymbol{\omega}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \boldsymbol{\upsilon} \boldsymbol{\phi} \boldsymbol{\chi} \boldsymbol{\psi} \boldsymbol{\omega}\,}
\boldsymbol{\varepsilon} \boldsymbol{\digamma} \boldsymbol{\vartheta} \boldsymbol{\varkappa}	${\boldsymbol {\varepsilon }}{\boldsymbol {\digamma }}{\boldsymbol {\vartheta }}{\boldsymbol {\varkappa }}\,$
\boldsymbol{\varpi} \boldsymbol{\varrho} \boldsymbol{\varsigma} \boldsymbol{\varphi}	${\boldsymbol {\varpi }}{\boldsymbol {\varrho }}{\boldsymbol {\varsigma }}{\boldsymbol {\varphi }}\,$
Italics
\mathit{A} \mathit{B} \mathit{C} \mathit{D} \mathit{E} \mathit{F} \mathit{G}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathit{A} \mathit{B} \mathit{C} \mathit{D} \mathit{E} \mathit{F} \mathit{G} \,}
\mathit{H} \mathit{I} \mathit{J} \mathit{K} \mathit{L} \mathit{M}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathit{H} \mathit{I} \mathit{J} \mathit{K} \mathit{L} \mathit{M} \,}
\mathit{N} \mathit{O} \mathit{P} \mathit{Q} \mathit{R} \mathit{S} \mathit{T}	${\mathit {N}}{\mathit {O}}{\mathit {P}}{\mathit {Q}}{\mathit {R}}{\mathit {S}}{\mathit {T}}\,$
\mathit{U} \mathit{V} \mathit{W} \mathit{X} \mathit{Y} \mathit{Z}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathit{U} \mathit{V} \mathit{W} \mathit{X} \mathit{Y} \mathit{Z} \,}
\mathit{a} \mathit{b} \mathit{c} \mathit{d} \mathit{e} \mathit{f} \mathit{g}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathit{a} \mathit{b} \mathit{c} \mathit{d} \mathit{e} \mathit{f} \mathit{g} \,}
\mathit{h} \mathit{i} \mathit{j} \mathit{k} \mathit{l} \mathit{m}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathit{h} \mathit{i} \mathit{j} \mathit{k} \mathit{l} \mathit{m} \,}
\mathit{n} \mathit{o} \mathit{p} \mathit{q} \mathit{r} \mathit{s} \mathit{t}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathit{n} \mathit{o} \mathit{p} \mathit{q} \mathit{r} \mathit{s} \mathit{t} \,}
\mathit{u} \mathit{v} \mathit{w} \mathit{x} \mathit{y} \mathit{z}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathit{u} \mathit{v} \mathit{w} \mathit{x} \mathit{y} \mathit{z} \,}
\mathit{0} \mathit{1} \mathit{2} \mathit{3} \mathit{4}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathit{0} \mathit{1} \mathit{2} \mathit{3} \mathit{4} \,}
\mathit{5} \mathit{6} \mathit{7} \mathit{8} \mathit{9}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathit{5} \mathit{6} \mathit{7} \mathit{8} \mathit{9}\,}
Roman typeface
\mathrm{A} \mathrm{B} \mathrm{C} \mathrm{D} \mathrm{E} \mathrm{F} \mathrm{G}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathrm{A} \mathrm{B} \mathrm{C} \mathrm{D} \mathrm{E} \mathrm{F} \mathrm{G} \,}
\mathrm{H} \mathrm{I} \mathrm{J} \mathrm{K} \mathrm{L} \mathrm{M}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathrm{H} \mathrm{I} \mathrm{J} \mathrm{K} \mathrm{L} \mathrm{M} \,}
\mathrm{N} \mathrm{O} \mathrm{P} \mathrm{Q} \mathrm{R} \mathrm{S} \mathrm{T}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathrm{N} \mathrm{O} \mathrm{P} \mathrm{Q} \mathrm{R} \mathrm{S} \mathrm{T} \,}
\mathrm{U} \mathrm{V} \mathrm{W} \mathrm{X} \mathrm{Y} \mathrm{Z}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathrm{U} \mathrm{V} \mathrm{W} \mathrm{X} \mathrm{Y} \mathrm{Z} \,}
\mathrm{a} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{c} \mathrm{d} \mathrm{e} \mathrm{f} \mathrm{g}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathrm{a} \mathrm{b} \mathrm{c} \mathrm{d} \mathrm{e} \mathrm{f} \mathrm{g}\,}
\mathrm{h} \mathrm{i} \mathrm{j} \mathrm{k} \mathrm{l} \mathrm{m}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathrm{h} \mathrm{i} \mathrm{j} \mathrm{k} \mathrm{l} \mathrm{m} \,}
\mathrm{n} \mathrm{o} \mathrm{p} \mathrm{q} \mathrm{r} \mathrm{s} \mathrm{t}	$\mathrm {n} \mathrm {o} \mathrm {p} \mathrm {q} \mathrm {r} \mathrm {s} \mathrm {t} \,$
\mathrm{u} \mathrm{v} \mathrm{w} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{y} \mathrm{z}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathrm{u} \mathrm{v} \mathrm{w} \mathrm{x} \mathrm{y} \mathrm{z} \,}
\mathrm{0} \mathrm{1} \mathrm{2} \mathrm{3} \mathrm{4}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathrm{0} \mathrm{1} \mathrm{2} \mathrm{3} \mathrm{4} \,}
\mathrm{5} \mathrm{6} \mathrm{7} \mathrm{8} \mathrm{9}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathrm{5} \mathrm{6} \mathrm{7} \mathrm{8} \mathrm{9}\,}
Fraktur typeface
\mathfrak{A} \mathfrak{B} \mathfrak{C} \mathfrak{D} \mathfrak{E} \mathfrak{F} \mathfrak{G}	${\mathfrak {A}}{\mathfrak {B}}{\mathfrak {C}}{\mathfrak {D}}{\mathfrak {E}}{\mathfrak {F}}{\mathfrak {G}}\,$
\mathfrak{H} \mathfrak{I} \mathfrak{J} \mathfrak{K} \mathfrak{L} \mathfrak{M}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathfrak{H} \mathfrak{I} \mathfrak{J} \mathfrak{K} \mathfrak{L} \mathfrak{M} \,}
\mathfrak{N} \mathfrak{O} \mathfrak{P} \mathfrak{Q} \mathfrak{R} \mathfrak{S} \mathfrak{T}	${\mathfrak {N}}{\mathfrak {O}}{\mathfrak {P}}{\mathfrak {Q}}{\mathfrak {R}}{\mathfrak {S}}{\mathfrak {T}}\,$
\mathfrak{U} \mathfrak{V} \mathfrak{W} \mathfrak{X} \mathfrak{Y} \mathfrak{Z}	${\mathfrak {U}}{\mathfrak {V}}{\mathfrak {W}}{\mathfrak {X}}{\mathfrak {Y}}{\mathfrak {Z}}\,$
\mathfrak{a} \mathfrak{b} \mathfrak{c} \mathfrak{d} \mathfrak{e} \mathfrak{f} \mathfrak{g}	${\mathfrak {a}}{\mathfrak {b}}{\mathfrak {c}}{\mathfrak {d}}{\mathfrak {e}}{\mathfrak {f}}{\mathfrak {g}}\,$
\mathfrak{h} \mathfrak{i} \mathfrak{j} \mathfrak{k} \mathfrak{l} \mathfrak{m}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathfrak{h} \mathfrak{i} \mathfrak{j} \mathfrak{k} \mathfrak{l} \mathfrak{m} \,}
\mathfrak{n} \mathfrak{o} \mathfrak{p} \mathfrak{q} \mathfrak{r} \mathfrak{s} \mathfrak{t}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathfrak{n} \mathfrak{o} \mathfrak{p} \mathfrak{q} \mathfrak{r} \mathfrak{s} \mathfrak{t} \,}
\mathfrak{u} \mathfrak{v} \mathfrak{w} \mathfrak{x} \mathfrak{y} \mathfrak{z}	${\mathfrak {u}}{\mathfrak {v}}{\mathfrak {w}}{\mathfrak {x}}{\mathfrak {y}}{\mathfrak {z}}\,$
\mathfrak{0} \mathfrak{1} \mathfrak{2} \mathfrak{3} \mathfrak{4}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathfrak{0} \mathfrak{1} \mathfrak{2} \mathfrak{3} \mathfrak{4} \,}
\mathfrak{5} \mathfrak{6} \mathfrak{7} \mathfrak{8} \mathfrak{9}	${\mathfrak {5}}{\mathfrak {6}}{\mathfrak {7}}{\mathfrak {8}}{\mathfrak {9}}\,$
Calligraphy/Script
\mathcal{A} \mathcal{B} \mathcal{C} \mathcal{D} \mathcal{E} \mathcal{F} \mathcal{G}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathcal{A} \mathcal{B} \mathcal{C} \mathcal{D} \mathcal{E} \mathcal{F} \mathcal{G} \,}
\mathcal{H} \mathcal{I} \mathcal{J} \mathcal{K} \mathcal{L} \mathcal{M}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathcal{H} \mathcal{I} \mathcal{J} \mathcal{K} \mathcal{L} \mathcal{M} \,}
\mathcal{N} \mathcal{O} \mathcal{P} \mathcal{Q} \mathcal{R} \mathcal{S} \mathcal{T}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathcal{N} \mathcal{O} \mathcal{P} \mathcal{Q} \mathcal{R} \mathcal{S} \mathcal{T} \,}
\mathcal{U} \mathcal{V} \mathcal{W} \mathcal{X} \mathcal{Y} \mathcal{Z}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mathcal{U} \mathcal{V} \mathcal{W} \mathcal{X} \mathcal{Y} \mathcal{Z}\,}
Hebrew
\aleph \beth \gimel \daleth	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \aleph \beth \gimel \daleth\,}

Feature	Syntax	How it looks rendered
non-italicised characters	\mbox{abc}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox{abc}}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox{abc} \,}
mixed italics (bad)	\mbox{if} n \mbox{is even}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox{if} n \mbox{is even}}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox{if} n \mbox{is even} \,}
mixed italics (good)	\mbox{if }n\mbox{ is even}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox{if }n\mbox{ is even}}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox{if }n\mbox{ is even} \,}
mixed italics (more legible: ~ is a non-breaking space, while "\ " forces a space)	\mbox{if}~n\ \mbox{is even}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox{if}~n\ \mbox{is even}}	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mbox{if}~n\ \mbox{is even} \,}

Color

Equations can use color:

• {\color{Blue}x^2}+{\color{YellowOrange}2x}-{\color{OliveGreen}1}

  Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle {\color{Blue}x^2}+{\color{YellowOrange}2x}-{\color{OliveGreen}1}}

• x_{1,2}=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{\color{Red}b^2-4ac}}{2a}

  Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle x_{1,2}=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{\color{Red}b^2-4ac}}{2a}}

It is also possible to change the background color (since r59550), as in the following example:

Background	Wikicode	Rendering (in PNG)
White	e^{i \pi} + 1 = 0	$e^{i\pi }+1=0\,$
	\definecolor{orange}{RGB}{255,165,0}\pagecolor{orange}e^{i \pi} + 1 = 0	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \definecolor{orange}{RGB}{255,165,0}\pagecolor{orange}e^{i \pi} + 1 = 0\,}
Orange	e^{i \pi} + 1 = 0	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle e^{i \pi} + 1 = 0\,}
	\definecolor{orange}{RGB}{255,165,0}\pagecolor{orange}e^{i \pi} + 1 = 0	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \definecolor{orange}{RGB}{255,165,0}\pagecolor{orange}e^{i \pi} + 1 = 0\,}

See here for all named colors supported by LaTeX.

Note that color should not be used as the only way to identify something, because it will become meaningless on black-and-white media or for color-blind people. See Wikipedia:Manual of Style.

Formatting issues

Spacing

Note that TeX handles most spacing automatically, but you may sometimes want manual control.

Feature	Syntax	How it looks rendered
double quad space	a \qquad b	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle a \qquad b}
quad space	a \quad b	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle a \quad b}
text space	a\ b	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle a\ b}
text space without PNG conversion	a \mbox{ } b	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle a \mbox{ } b}
large space	a\;b	$a\;b$
medium space	a\>b	[not supported]
small space	a\,b	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle a\,b}
no space	ab	$ab\,$
small negative space	a\!b	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle a\!b}

Automatic spacing may be broken in very long expressions (because they produce an overfull hbox in TeX):

<math>0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15+16+17+18+19+20+\cdots</math>

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle 0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15+16+17+18+19+20+\cdots}

This can be remedied by putting a pair of braces { } around the whole expression:

<math>{0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15+16+17+18+19+20+\cdots}</math>

${0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15+16+17+18+19+20+\cdots }$

Alignment with normal text flow

Due to the default css

img.tex { vertical-align: middle; }

an inline expression like $\int _{-N}^{N}e^{x}\,dx$ should look good.

If you need to align it otherwise, use <math style="vertical-align:-100%;">...</math> and play with the vertical-align argument until you get it right; however, how it looks may depend on the browser and the browser settings.

Also note that if you rely on this workaround, if/when the rendering on the server gets fixed in future releases, as a result of this extra manual offset your formulae will suddenly be aligned incorrectly. So use it sparingly, if at all.

Chemistry

Technically, <math chem>...</math> is a math tag with the extension mhchem enabled, according to the MathJax documentation.

Note, that the commands \cee and \cf are disabled, because they are marked as deprecated in the mhchem LaTeX package documentation.

Please note that there are still major issues with mhchem support in MediaWiki.

Molecular and Condensed formula
Markup Renders as <math chem>H2O</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle H2O} <math chem>Sb2O3</math> $Sb2O3$ <math chem>(NH4)2S</math> $(NH4)2S$
Bonds
Markup Renders as <math chem>C6H5-CHO</math> $C6H5-CHO$ <math chem>A-B=C{\equiv}D</math> $A-B=C{\equiv }D$
Charges
Markup Renders as <math chem>H+</math> $H+$ <math chem>NO3-</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle NO3-} <math chem>CrO4^2-</math> $CrO4^{2}-$ <math chem>AgCl2-</math> $AgCl2-$ <math chem>[AgCl2]-</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle [AgCl2]-} <math chem>Y^{99}+</math> <math chem>Y^{99+}</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle Y^{99}+} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle Y^{99+}}
Addition Compounds and Stoichiometric Numbers
Markup Renders as <math chem>MgSO4.7H2O</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle MgSO4.7H2O} <math chem>KCr(SO4)2*12H2O</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle KCr(SO4)2*12H2O} <math chem>{CaSO4.1/2H2O} + 1\!1/2H2O -> CaSO4.2H2O</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle {CaSO4.1/2H2O} + 1\!1/2H2O -> CaSO4.2H2O} <math chem>{25/2O2} + C8H18 -> {8CO2} + 9H2O</math> ${25/2O2}+C8H18->{8CO2}+9H2O$
Greek characters
Markup Renders as <math chem>\mu-Cl</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \mu-Cl} <math chem>[Fe(\eta^5-C5H5)2]</math> $[Fe(\eta ^{5}-C5H5)2]$
Isotopes
Markup Renders as <math chem>^{227}_{90}Th+</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle ^{227}_{90}Th+} <math chem>^0_{-1}n-</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle ^0_{-1}n-}
States
Markup Renders as <math chem>H2_{(aq)}</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle H2_{(aq)}} <math chem>CO3^{2-}{(aq)}</math> Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle CO3^{2-}{(aq)}}

(Italic) Math

mhchem	Markup <math chem>{C_\mathit{x}H_\mathit{y}} + \mathit{z}O2 -> {\mathit{x}CO2} + \frac{\mathit{y}}{2}H2O</math> Renders as ${C_{\mathit {x}}H_{\mathit {y}}}+{\mathit {z}}O2->{{\mathit {x}}CO2}+{\frac {\mathit {y}}{2}}H2O$

Oxidation States

mhchem	Markup <math chem>Fe^{II}Fe^{III}2O4</math> Renders as Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle Fe^{II}Fe^{III}2O4}

Precipitate

mhchem	Markup <math chem>{Ba^2+} + SO4^{2-} -> BaSO4 v</math> Renders as ${Ba^{2}+}+SO4^{2-}->BaSO4v$
Equivalent HTML	Markup Ba<sup>2+</sup> + SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> &rarr; BaSO<sub>4</sub>&darr; Renders as Ba2+ + SO42- → BaSO4↓

Reaction Arrows

Markup	Renders as
<math chem>A ->[x] B</math>	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle A ->[x] B}
<math chem>A ->[\text{text above}][\text{text below}] B</math>	$A->[{\text{text above}}][{\text{text below}}]B$

Comparison of arrow symbols

Markup	Renders as
<math>\rightarrow</math>	$\rightarrow$
<math>\rightleftarrows</math>	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \rightleftarrows}
<math>\rightleftharpoons</math>	$\rightleftharpoons$
<math>\leftrightarrow</math>	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \leftrightarrow}
<math>\longrightarrow</math> <math chem>-></math>	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \longrightarrow} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle ->}
<math chem><=></math>	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle <=>}
<math>\longleftrightarrow</math> <math chem><-></math>	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \longleftrightarrow} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle <->}

Examples

Chemistry

<math chem>C6H5-CHO</math>
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle C6H5-CHO}

<math chem>{SO4^{2-}} + Ba^2+ -> BaSO4 v</math>
${SO4^{2-}}+Ba^{2}+->BaSO4v$

<math chem>H2O</math>
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle H2O}

<math chem>Sb2O3</math>
$Sb2O3$

<math chem>H+</math>
$H+$

<math chem>CrO4^2-</math>
$CrO4^{2}-$

<math chem>AgCl2-</math>
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle AgCl2-}

<math chem>[AgCl2]-</math>
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle [AgCl2]-}

<math chem>Y^{99}+</math>
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle Y^{99}+}

<math chem>Y^{99+}</math>
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle Y^{99+}}

<math chem>H2_{(aq)}</math>
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle H2_{(aq)}}

<math chem>NO3-</math>
$NO3-$

<math chem>(NH4)2S</math>
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle (NH4)2S}

Examples of implemented TeX formulas

Quadratic polynomial

Markup	<math>ax^2 + bx + c = 0</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle ax^2 + bx + c = 0}

Quadratic formula

Markup	<math>x=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle x=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}}

Tall parentheses and fractions

Markup	<math>2 = \left( \frac{\left(3-x\right) \times 2}{3-x} \right)</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle 2 = \left( \frac{\left(3-x\right) \times 2}{3-x} \right)}

Markup	<math>S_{\text{new}} = S_{\text{old}} - \frac{ \left( 5-T \right) ^2} {2}</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle S_{\text{new}} = S_{\text{old}} - \frac{ \left( 5-T \right) ^2} {2}}

Integrals

Markup	<math>\int_a^x \int_a^s f(y)\,dy\,ds = \int_a^x f(y)(x-y)\,dy</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \int_a^x \int_a^s f(y)\,dy\,ds = \int_a^x f(y)(x-y)\,dy}

Markup	<math>\int_e^{\infty}\frac {1}{t(\ln t)^2}dt = \left. \frac{-1}{\ln t} \right\vert_e^\infty = 1</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \int_e^{\infty}\frac {1}{t(\ln t)^2}dt = \left. \frac{-1}{\ln t} \right\vert_e^\infty = 1}

Matrices and determinants

Markup	<math>\det(\mathsf{A}-\lambda\mathsf{I}) = 0</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \det(\mathsf{A}-\lambda\mathsf{I}) = 0}

Summation

Markup	<math>\sum_{i=0}^{n-1} i</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} i}

Markup	<math>\sum_{m=1}^\infty\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{m^2 n}{3^m\left(m 3^n + n 3^m\right)}</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \sum_{m=1}^\infty\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{m^2 n}{3^m\left(m 3^n + n 3^m\right)}}

Differential equation

Markup	<math>u'' + p(x)u' + q(x)u=f(x),\quad x>a</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle u'' + p(x)u' + q(x)u=f(x),\quad x>a}

Complex numbers

Markup	<math>|\bar{z}| = |z|, |(\bar{z})^n| = |z|^n, \arg(z^n) = n \arg(z)</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle |\bar{z}| = |z|, |(\bar{z})^n| = |z|^n, \arg(z^n) = n \arg(z)}

Limits

Markup	<math>\lim_{z\to z_0} f(z)=f(z_0)</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \lim_{z\to z_0} f(z)=f(z_0)}

Integral equation

Markup	<math>\phi_n(\kappa) = \frac{1}{4\pi^2\kappa^2} \int_0^\infty \frac{\sin(\kappa R)}{\kappa R} \frac{\partial}{\partial R} \left [ R^2\frac{\partial D_n(R)}{\partial R} \right ] \,dR</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \phi_n(\kappa) = \frac{1}{4\pi^2\kappa^2} \int_0^\infty \frac{\sin(\kappa R)}{\kappa R} \frac{\partial}{\partial R} \left [ R^2\frac{\partial D_n(R)}{\partial R} \right ] \,dR}

Example

Markup	<math>\phi_n(\kappa) = 0.033C_n^2\kappa^{-11/3},\quad \frac{1}{L_0}\ll\kappa\ll\frac{1}{l_0}</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \phi_n(\kappa) = 0.033C_n^2\kappa^{-11/3},\quad \frac{1}{L_0}\ll\kappa\ll\frac{1}{l_0}}

Continuation and cases

Markup	<math>f(x) = \begin{cases} 1 & -1 \le x < 0 \\ \frac{1}{2} & x = 0 \\ 1 - x^2 & \text{otherwise} \end{cases}</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle f(x) = \begin{cases}1 & -1 \le x < 0 \\ \frac{1}{2} & x = 0 \\ 1 - x^2 & \text{otherwise}\end{cases}}

Prefixed subscript

Markup	<math>{}_pF_q(a_1,\dots,a_p;c_1,\dots,c_q;z) = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(a_1)_n\cdots(a_p)_n}{(c_1)_n\cdots(c_q)_n} \frac{z^n}{n!}</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle {}_pF_q(a_1,\dots,a_p;c_1,\dots,c_q;z) = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(a_1)_n\cdots(a_p)_n}{(c_1)_n\cdots(c_q)_n}\frac{z^n}{n!}}

Fraction and small fraction

Markup	<math>\frac{a}{b}\ \tfrac{a}{b}</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{a}{b}\ \tfrac{a}{b}}

Area of a quadrilateral

Markup	<math>S=dD\sin\alpha</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle S=dD\sin\alpha}

Volume of a sphere-stand

Markup	<math> V = \frac{1}{6} \pi h \left [ 3 \left ( r_1^2 + r_2^2 \right ) + h^2 \right ] </math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle V = \frac{1}{6} \pi h \left [ 3 \left( r_1^2+r_2^2 \right) + h^2 \right ] }

Multiple equations

The altered newline code \\[0.6ex] below adds a vertical space between the two lines of length equal to Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle 0.6} times the height of a single 'x' character.

Markup	<math>\begin{align} u & = \tfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(x+y) \qquad & x &= \tfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(u+v) \\[0.6ex] v & = \tfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(x-y) \qquad & y &= \tfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(u-v) \end{align}</math>
Renders as	Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "http://restbase-web.local/pool.calebcooper.ie/v1/":): {\displaystyle \begin{align} u & = \tfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(x+y) \qquad & x &= \tfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(u+v) \\[0.6ex] v & = \tfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(x-y) \qquad & y &= \tfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(u-v) \end{align}}